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Kenneth and Mamie Clark

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Kenneth Bancroft Clark (July 14, 1914 – May 1, 2005) and Mamie Phipps Clark (April 18, 1917 – August 11, 1983) were African-American psychologists who as a married team conducted research among children and were active in the Civil Rights Movement. They founded the Northside Center for Child Development in Harlem and the organization Harlem Youth Opportunities Unlimited (HARYOU). Kenneth Clark was also an educator and professor at City College of New York, and first black president of the American Psychological Association. They were known for their 1940s experiments using dolls to study children's attitudes about race. The Clarks testified as expert witnesses in Briggs v. Elliott (1952), one of five cases combined into Brown v. Board of Education (1954). The Clarks' work contributed to the ruling of the U.S. Supreme Court in which it determined that de jure racial segregation in public education was unconstitutional. Chief Justice Earl Warren wrote in the Brown v. Board o...
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14)Explained: What to expect on Republic Day 2021and what not to

India Republic Day -- Republic Day 2021: In 2020it was the agitation contrary to the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA). Nowthousands of farmersmainly from Punjab and Haryanahave been camping at the edges of Delhi for more than eight weeksdemanding the Centre repeal the three farm laws. For your second year in a short periodRepublic Day celebrations in the national capital will be kept under the shadow of strong protests against laws approved by the Centre. In 2020it was the agitation contrary to the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA). This timethousands of farmersmainly from Punjab and Haryanahave been camping at the edges of Delhi for more than eight weeksdemanding the Centre repeal the three farm laws. This years Republic Day march will also be the first major open event in pandemic instances. What is new this year The big event will be pared down the number of spectatorsthe size of walking in line contingents and other side interesting attractions. The spectator size has been reduced ...
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Legacy and honors

1961 – Kenneth Clark received the Spingarn Medal of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) for his contributions to promoting integration and better race relations. 1966 – Columbia University awarded each Clark the Nicholas Murray Butler Silver Medal, for the significance of their work. 1970 – Kenneth B. Clark was awarded an honorary doctorate (LL.D.) by Columbia University. 1985 – Four Freedoms Award in the category Freedom of Speech 1986 – Presidential Medal of Liberty 1994 – 102nd annual meeting of APA, 40 years after Brown v. Board of Education , Clark was presented with the APA Award for Outstanding Lifetime Contribution to Psychology. He was only one of six psychologists to receive that prestigious award. 2002 – Molefi Kete Asante named Kenneth Clark on his list of 100 Greatest African Americans. 2017 – Columbia University Department of Psychology established the Mamie Phipps Clark and Kenneth B. Clark Distinguished Lecture Award to recogniz...
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